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I thought I'd share my research in case it's helpful for anyone else who needs to replace the speakers in their exhaust (which in itself sounds like a strange thing to do, but that's how the active exhaust in the diesel model works). I had originally assumed that the exhaust worked in the same way as the petrol models and used hydraulic valves in the exhaust, but it has actually as electrical connection to a speaker (a system shared with Audi) as shown below:
My main goal was to replace the speaker with something of equal volume and get a similar sound (if not better). The only thing I know about the original speaker is that it's a 2 ohm 6 - 6.5 inch speaker that's made in Italy. Luckily I still have one working which means I can do a direct comparison between the working and non-working sides of the exhaust. Also as one speaker is still working it meant we were able to check the resistance value to be sure:
You can change to a more common 4 ohm speaker and it will not damage the system (changing to a lower resistance could damage it but going higher shouldn't). However even with a higher speaker sensitivity (the loudness of the speaker as measured from 1m away with a fixed power going through it) it's likely you'll lose some volume when changing the resistance higher. I spent a lot of time on the internet checking this and it's a hotly discussed topic, but the consensus is generally it will be quieter, but all things considered it might not be that noticeable for such a small change especially in this particular scenario.
I wanted to make sure the speaker I choose covers a suitable frequency range, so I tried to measure the sound coming out of the exhaust to see if I could measure what was being added by the speaker.
I did three tests but as the results were all the same to save space I'm not posting all the images here. All tests were done at idle speed, as I did it on my own, and holding the mic about an inch away from the exhaust tip.
First test, sport mode OFF
First test, sport mode ON
You can see with sport mode on that there's a much more defined peak at 64Hz than with it off. It looks like the sport mode sound is enhancing the existing peak but to a much further extreme than occurs naturally. Given the limited rev range of the diesel (only up to 4.5k RPM) the pitch doesn't change a great deal when revving, so I'm not too concerned about the upper frequency range. I might measure that later though just out of curiosity.
So, I want to make sure that whatever speaker I get has a frequency range that starts below 64Hz, ideally 50 or below, with a fairly decent upper range just in case something is there. It also needs to be 2 ohm (but 4 ohm is fine just quieter) and 6 to 6.5 inches (I've heard @Pandemonium has had great success with a 16cm Pioneer speaker).
I looked at lots of 4 ohm speakers but discounted any with a sensitivity less than 90db, as if I'm going to increase the resistance I want to keep the sensitivity high to try and compensate. 1db is the minimum perceivable change and 3db is a noticeable difference in volume (values I found when Googling).
Here is my shortlist out of the literal hundreds of speakers I checked for size, resistance, sensitivity, frequency range, waterproofing and general customer reviews:
Water resistant speakers
Polk Audio DB6502 - 4ohm / 92db / 35Hz - 23kHz
Polk Audio DB652 - 4ohm / 92db / 40Hz - 22kHz (as above but with built in tweeter - cheaper option)
Pioneer TS-MR1640 - 4ohm / 91db / 30Hz - 30kHz
Sony XS MP1611 - 4ohm / 90db / 45Hz - 20kHz (thanks @Pandemonium for this one)
Audison Prima AP6.5 2 - 2ohm / 95db / 50Hz - 5kHz
Kicker KM652C - 2ohm / 90db / 35Hz - 21kHz
Kicker PSC652 - 2ohm / 92.5db / 40Hz - 20kHz (full item code is 42PSC652)
Renegade RXM62B - 3ohm / ??db / 55Hz - 20kHz
Worthy mention - water resistant speakers outside chosen frequency range
DS18 PRO-SM6.2 - 2ohm / 95db / 80Hz - 14kHz
PowerBass XL-62SS - 3ohm / 88db / 65Hz - 20kHz
+ actually too many others to list
Non-water resistant speakers
Also, in theory you can waterproof any speaker using a protective spray, so if you're interested in that approach I found these:
JBL GTO600C - 2.5ohm / 93db / 45Hz - 25kHz
JBL Club 6522 - 3ohm / 93db / 53Hz - 21kHz
Note that the speakers are marketed as water 'resistant' not waterproof! They're rated against splashes, not being underwater. I also checked the SPL and impedance graphs for each speaker as the numbers given are the 'average' across a range and not specific to our purpose. For example, the resistance changes depending on the frequency.
My first choice would therefore be the Kicker PSC652 which can be rear mounted and looks like it will easily fit due to the small magnet size and 50mm mounting depth, though I'm not sure about the position of the mounting holes and there are no resistance/frequency graphs in the manual. As of today they're available on eBay for £130/pair (EDIT: I ordered mine on eBay new for £100/pair with Best Offer).
After that would be the Kicker KM652C which although discontinued is still available here and there. However there is a problem... The tweeter is mounted in such a way to prevent the flush rear mounting that we need in the exhaust, as you can see below:
Also, I think it's too deep to fit in the exhaust speaker cavity. Bummer.
Then we move on to the Audison Prima AP6.5 (2 ohm version) which differs from all the other speakers here as it's not a full range speaker (doesn't have a tweeter for high frequencies). It's also NOT IP rated for water protection (it has a water-repellent treated paper cone). However, on paper it's the loudest as not only is it 2ohm like the original but it also has the highest sensitivity at 95db. Data sheet with graphs available here.
I also really like the Polk Audio DB6502 or DB652 as 4 ohm options (the manual and data sheets don't include graphs) and it is rated against water, dust, humidity etc. but it's more expensive than the popular Pioneer TS-MR1640 which also has a good level of protection and frequency range (data and graphs available here - you need to download and zoom in to see the graph which is conveniently upside down).
There's no doubt I prefer the appearance of the Polk, but I'm never going to be able to see it once it's installed in the exhaust!
Then there's also the Renegade RXM62 (B or W for black or white) but I can't find sensitivity or dimensions online yet. Also it looks like the grille can't be removed for rear mounting? If you have any information on this speaker please let me know.
I did start to wonder how much water resistance is needed, considering the current speakers lasted almost 7 years without apparently any. I wouldn't want to use a normal untreated speaker as I don't want to have to replace it again. Would I trust a speaker I've sprayed with waterproofing myself? Probably not. Does the speaker need to be IP rated? Probably not. Will heat be more of an issue than moisture? Probably.
EDIT: Based on feedback from those in the know who've actually seen the conditions the speaker will be exposed to, IP rating (water resistance) probably IS required. Therefore I would go with the Kicker, Polk or Pioneer.
I know a lot of people have had success with other 4 ohm speakers (Kenwood, Pioneer, Sony etc.) so this is just my research for my preferences based on what I've found. Feel free to add your own suggestions that might be useful for people if they meet the requirements.
UPDATE AUGUST 2021: @Pandemonium fitted the pair of Kicker PSC652 that I ordered and the exhaust sounds amazing - much better than before! Even if I take into account it was only working one side before, the speakers are clearer, louder and generally sound better than the stock ones. Due to the small magnet size they were easy to fit and they also come with good quality connectors, foam mounts etc. I fully recommend the Kicker PSC652 2ohm speakers as a replacement for the Ghibli exhaust. I drive everywhere with Sport mode on now as it sounds so good...
My main goal was to replace the speaker with something of equal volume and get a similar sound (if not better). The only thing I know about the original speaker is that it's a 2 ohm 6 - 6.5 inch speaker that's made in Italy. Luckily I still have one working which means I can do a direct comparison between the working and non-working sides of the exhaust. Also as one speaker is still working it meant we were able to check the resistance value to be sure:
You can change to a more common 4 ohm speaker and it will not damage the system (changing to a lower resistance could damage it but going higher shouldn't). However even with a higher speaker sensitivity (the loudness of the speaker as measured from 1m away with a fixed power going through it) it's likely you'll lose some volume when changing the resistance higher. I spent a lot of time on the internet checking this and it's a hotly discussed topic, but the consensus is generally it will be quieter, but all things considered it might not be that noticeable for such a small change especially in this particular scenario.
I wanted to make sure the speaker I choose covers a suitable frequency range, so I tried to measure the sound coming out of the exhaust to see if I could measure what was being added by the speaker.
I did three tests but as the results were all the same to save space I'm not posting all the images here. All tests were done at idle speed, as I did it on my own, and holding the mic about an inch away from the exhaust tip.
First test, sport mode OFF
First test, sport mode ON
You can see with sport mode on that there's a much more defined peak at 64Hz than with it off. It looks like the sport mode sound is enhancing the existing peak but to a much further extreme than occurs naturally. Given the limited rev range of the diesel (only up to 4.5k RPM) the pitch doesn't change a great deal when revving, so I'm not too concerned about the upper frequency range. I might measure that later though just out of curiosity.
So, I want to make sure that whatever speaker I get has a frequency range that starts below 64Hz, ideally 50 or below, with a fairly decent upper range just in case something is there. It also needs to be 2 ohm (but 4 ohm is fine just quieter) and 6 to 6.5 inches (I've heard @Pandemonium has had great success with a 16cm Pioneer speaker).
I looked at lots of 4 ohm speakers but discounted any with a sensitivity less than 90db, as if I'm going to increase the resistance I want to keep the sensitivity high to try and compensate. 1db is the minimum perceivable change and 3db is a noticeable difference in volume (values I found when Googling).
Here is my shortlist out of the literal hundreds of speakers I checked for size, resistance, sensitivity, frequency range, waterproofing and general customer reviews:
Water resistant speakers
Polk Audio DB6502 - 4ohm / 92db / 35Hz - 23kHz
Polk Audio DB652 - 4ohm / 92db / 40Hz - 22kHz (as above but with built in tweeter - cheaper option)
Pioneer TS-MR1640 - 4ohm / 91db / 30Hz - 30kHz
Sony XS MP1611 - 4ohm / 90db / 45Hz - 20kHz (thanks @Pandemonium for this one)
Audison Prima AP6.5 2 - 2ohm / 95db / 50Hz - 5kHz
Kicker KM652C - 2ohm / 90db / 35Hz - 21kHz
Kicker PSC652 - 2ohm / 92.5db / 40Hz - 20kHz (full item code is 42PSC652)
Renegade RXM62B - 3ohm / ??db / 55Hz - 20kHz
Worthy mention - water resistant speakers outside chosen frequency range
DS18 PRO-SM6.2 - 2ohm / 95db / 80Hz - 14kHz
PowerBass XL-62SS - 3ohm / 88db / 65Hz - 20kHz
+ actually too many others to list
Non-water resistant speakers
Also, in theory you can waterproof any speaker using a protective spray, so if you're interested in that approach I found these:
JBL GTO600C - 2.5ohm / 93db / 45Hz - 25kHz
JBL Club 6522 - 3ohm / 93db / 53Hz - 21kHz
Note that the speakers are marketed as water 'resistant' not waterproof! They're rated against splashes, not being underwater. I also checked the SPL and impedance graphs for each speaker as the numbers given are the 'average' across a range and not specific to our purpose. For example, the resistance changes depending on the frequency.
My first choice would therefore be the Kicker PSC652 which can be rear mounted and looks like it will easily fit due to the small magnet size and 50mm mounting depth, though I'm not sure about the position of the mounting holes and there are no resistance/frequency graphs in the manual. As of today they're available on eBay for £130/pair (EDIT: I ordered mine on eBay new for £100/pair with Best Offer).
After that would be the Kicker KM652C which although discontinued is still available here and there. However there is a problem... The tweeter is mounted in such a way to prevent the flush rear mounting that we need in the exhaust, as you can see below:
Also, I think it's too deep to fit in the exhaust speaker cavity. Bummer.
Then we move on to the Audison Prima AP6.5 (2 ohm version) which differs from all the other speakers here as it's not a full range speaker (doesn't have a tweeter for high frequencies). It's also NOT IP rated for water protection (it has a water-repellent treated paper cone). However, on paper it's the loudest as not only is it 2ohm like the original but it also has the highest sensitivity at 95db. Data sheet with graphs available here.
I also really like the Polk Audio DB6502 or DB652 as 4 ohm options (the manual and data sheets don't include graphs) and it is rated against water, dust, humidity etc. but it's more expensive than the popular Pioneer TS-MR1640 which also has a good level of protection and frequency range (data and graphs available here - you need to download and zoom in to see the graph which is conveniently upside down).
There's no doubt I prefer the appearance of the Polk, but I'm never going to be able to see it once it's installed in the exhaust!
Then there's also the Renegade RXM62 (B or W for black or white) but I can't find sensitivity or dimensions online yet. Also it looks like the grille can't be removed for rear mounting? If you have any information on this speaker please let me know.
I did start to wonder how much water resistance is needed, considering the current speakers lasted almost 7 years without apparently any. I wouldn't want to use a normal untreated speaker as I don't want to have to replace it again. Would I trust a speaker I've sprayed with waterproofing myself? Probably not. Does the speaker need to be IP rated? Probably not. Will heat be more of an issue than moisture? Probably.
EDIT: Based on feedback from those in the know who've actually seen the conditions the speaker will be exposed to, IP rating (water resistance) probably IS required. Therefore I would go with the Kicker, Polk or Pioneer.
I know a lot of people have had success with other 4 ohm speakers (Kenwood, Pioneer, Sony etc.) so this is just my research for my preferences based on what I've found. Feel free to add your own suggestions that might be useful for people if they meet the requirements.
UPDATE AUGUST 2021: @Pandemonium fitted the pair of Kicker PSC652 that I ordered and the exhaust sounds amazing - much better than before! Even if I take into account it was only working one side before, the speakers are clearer, louder and generally sound better than the stock ones. Due to the small magnet size they were easy to fit and they also come with good quality connectors, foam mounts etc. I fully recommend the Kicker PSC652 2ohm speakers as a replacement for the Ghibli exhaust. I drive everywhere with Sport mode on now as it sounds so good...